Over the past decade a number of advances in cell biology opened new frontiers for
surgical treatment of movement disorders. Neurotransplantation as replacement therapy
has recently undergone a proof of principle but it is still not fully accepted. The
newest surgical approach is protective therapy where innovative techniques are still
being developed. Although this has the greatest promise for the future, it also has
the greatest number of technical hurdles to overcome before it can become standard
therapy. The present status of these new surgical interventions for Parkinson's disease
(PD) is reviewed and clinical results are discussed.
Neurotransplantation - Parkinson's disease - movement disorders - protective therapy